Yoga Sutras of Patanjali – Psychology for Everyone

Patanjali Yoga Sutra 2.3

The afflictions are ignorance, I-making, attachment, aversion, and clinging to life.

That stilling of the mind comes through practice and non-clinging.

Yoga is the stilling of the turnings of the mind-stuff.

Ignorance is the field of those that follow — whether dormant, thin, interrupted, or fully out.

Avidya is taking the impermanent as permanent, the impure as pure, pain as pleasure, and non-self as self.

Asmita is as if the power of seeing and the power of what is seen were oneself.

Raga is that which trails after pleasure.

Dvesha is that which trails after pain.

Abhinivesha flows by its own juice; it is established even in the learned.

The turnings are fivefold, afflicted or unafflicted: valid knowing, error, fantasy, sleep, and memory.